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Orbit Bridge Hackers Make Off with $82 Million as New Year Approaches

Hackers have managed to exploit Orbit Bridge, the cross-chain bridging service of the Orbit Chain protocol, just hours before the new year, making off with a staggering $82 million.

This shocking breach was brought to light on December 31st by a pseudonymous Twitter user known as Kgjr, who raised the alarm regarding significant outflows from the Orbit Chain Bridge protocol.

Subsequently, blockchain investigators Officer CIA and cybersecurity firm Cyvers corroborated these findings.

Based on data from the blockchain analytics platform Arkham Intelligence, the hackers successfully siphoned off a grand total of $81.68 million.

This sum was divided among five separate transactions, involving $30 million in Tether, $10 million in USD Coin, $21.7 million in Ether, $9.8 million in Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC), and $10 million worth of the algorithmic stablecoin DAI, all of which were swiftly moved to new wallets.

The Orbit Chain protocol is closely intertwined with the Klaytn network (KLAY), a modular layer-1 blockchain.

READ MORE: Bitcoin ETF Race Heats Up as Top Contenders Submit Final Applications

Notably, Klaytn’s block explorer indicates that eight of the highest-valued assets on the Klaytn network are actually wrapped assets that rely on the Orbit Bridge for cross-chain transfers.

Despite the gravity of the situation, the exact nature of the exploit remains shrouded in mystery. Attempts to solicit comments from Orbit Chain and Klaytn regarding this incident yielded no immediate response, leaving the crypto community in suspense.

Orbit Chain, which was launched in South Korea in 2018, is a versatile multi-asset blockchain primarily designed for facilitating cross-chain transfers across various decentralized networks.

Its typical use case involves the seamless transfer of assets between EVM-compatible networks and the Klaytn network.

It is crucial to distinguish Orbit Chain from another cross-chain bridging protocol called Orbiter Finance, which shares a somewhat similar name but operates independently.

As the crypto space grapples with the fallout from this high-profile breach, security measures and risk assessments across the ecosystem are expected to be scrutinized and enhanced.

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VanEck Launches Pro-Crypto Ad Campaign Amid Pending Bitcoin ETF Application

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VanEck, a prominent asset manager known for its pending application for a Bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), recently unveiled a pro-crypto advertising campaign.

On December 29th, the company shared its “Born to Bitcoin” video on X (formerly Twitter). Interestingly, the video did not explicitly endorse a BTC exchange-traded product.

This move came approximately two weeks after VanEck expressed a preference for “buying and holding” BTC due to the high costs associated with advertising.

In a trend seen among various asset managers seeking SEC approval for spot Bitcoin or Ether ETFs, VanEck’s advertising initiative aligns with an effort to increase public awareness and support ahead of potential approvals.

For instance, Bitwise enlisted actor Jonathan Goldsmith to reprise his iconic “Most Interesting Man in the World” persona in a December marketing campaign promoting Bitcoin.

Similarly, Hashdex introduced an ad spot highlighting the potential use cases of innovative technologies like cryptocurrencies.

READ MORE: JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon Under Scrutiny Over Bitcoin ETF

However, VanEck’s advertising campaign faced criticism online, primarily centered on the perceived low production quality of the ad, considering the firm’s substantial assets under management, exceeding $76 billion as of September.

The campaign mainly featured a silhouette of a figure walking in front of a city skyline, with a nod to the iconic “Buy Bitcoin” sign displayed behind Janet Yellen in 2017.

It’s worth noting that, as of the publication date, the SEC had not granted approval for a spot Bitcoin or Ether ETF to be listed on any U.S. exchange.

Nevertheless, the commission had taken steps to allow investment vehicles linked to crypto futures in 2021. Speculation abounded among experts that the SEC might begin approving multiple spot crypto ETFs as early as January 2024.

VanEck’s pro-crypto advertising effort, while not explicitly endorsing an ETF product, reflects the industry’s eagerness to engage with regulators and the public to secure approval for cryptocurrency-based exchange-traded funds, potentially opening up new avenues for investors in the crypto market.

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Former Trump Lawyer Michael Cohen’s AI-Generated Legal Citations Spark Controversy

Former Donald Trump attorney, Michael Cohen, has publicly acknowledged a significant error in his legal research process, attributing it to the use of Google Bard, an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot.

Cohen, who is preparing to testify against Trump in upcoming trials, admitted to unintentionally forwarding inaccurate legal citations generated by Google Bard to his lawyer, David Schwartz, in support of his case.

Cohen’s confession came to light in a recent court filing, where he clarified his misunderstanding of Google Bard’s capabilities.

He had mistakenly assumed it to be a highly advanced search engine rather than a generative AI service similar to Chat-GPT.

The problematic citations, as well as several others that were not included in the motion, were attributed to this misunderstanding.

Critics argue that Cohen, not being an active legal practitioner, bore no ethical obligation to verify the accuracy of the information he provided.

They contend that Schwartz, as a legal professional, should have reviewed the citations before incorporating them into official court documents.

Cohen’s legal team emphasized this point, stating, “Mr. Cohen is not a practicing attorney and has no concept of the risks of using AI services for legal research.”

READ MORE: Federal Judge Rules in Favor of SEC in Terraform Labs Securities Case

To further highlight the issue, Cohen’s statement outlined the sequence of events: He had sourced citations and case summaries online, believing them to be authentic, which were then added to the motion by Schwartz without proper validation.

This incident is not the first involving attorneys relying on AI tools only to discover inaccuracies.

Earlier this year, a similar case emerged when Steven Schwartz, an attorney at the New York law firm Levidow, Levidow & Oberman, faced criticism for incorporating AI-generated court citations that turned out to be false.

The judge presiding over the case expressed strong dissatisfaction with Schwartz’s reliance on AI for legal research, pointing out that six of the submitted cases contained fabricated judicial decisions, false quotes, and fictitious internal citations.

In both instances, the misuse of AI tools for legal research underscores the importance of thorough verification and the ethical responsibility of attorneys to ensure the accuracy of the information they present in court.

These cases serve as cautionary tales for legal professionals exploring the integration of AI technology in their practice.

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Stake F1 Team Officially Unveiled

The eagerly awaited 2024 Formula One season is set to witness the arrival of Stake F1 Team, an exhilarating partnership that melds the world of high-speed racing with the captivating allure of Stake, a renowned betting, entertainment, and lifestyle brand. This transformative collaboration underscores the evolution of sponsorship dynamics in Formula One and unveils an entirely new brand presence for the sport.

Stake, having previously inked a successful partnership with the team in 2023, is now poised to ascend to the role of exclusive Title Partner for both the 2024 and 2025 seasons, signaling its commitment to reshaping the Formula One landscape. In a bold move, Stake will assume full control of the team’s identity, securing exclusive naming rights, and even taking charge of the team’s social media platforms, which will now operate under the moniker Stake F1 Team, a clear reflection of the team’s fresh and dynamic image.

The Stake F1 Team is ushering in an era where traditional sponsorship norms are shattered, with a distinct emphasis on redefining marketing activations. Here, excitement is the linchpin, underlining a fan-centric approach that positions the team as one of the most captivating entities in the world of Formula One.

Founded in 2017 by a visionary group of technology and betting industry entrepreneurs, Stake has rapidly risen to prominence as a major player in the sports and entertainment sphere. Its expanded engagement with Formula One adds another jewel to its crown, alongside high-profile partnerships with global icons like Canadian superstar Drake, Everton Football Club, and the UFC.

In 2023, Stake made an indelible mark on the Formula One scene, leveraging unique activations that resonated far beyond the sport’s traditional fan base. The anticipation for the 2024 F1 calendar is palpable, with Stake gearing up for an array of high-profile experiences, beginning with the highly anticipated launch of the new C44 in February, heralding the start of a spectacular year.

Alessandro Alunni Bravi, Team Representative, lauded Stake’s burgeoning journey within Formula One, underscoring its unique ability to connect with fans and introduce newcomers to the sport. He also celebrated the exciting collaborations with Stake’s illustrious ambassadors, including Argentine football legend Sergio Aguero and Indian-Canadian rapper Karan Aujla, setting the stage for an even more thrilling 2024 season.

Edward Craven, Co-Founder of Stake, exuded enthusiasm for the team’s reimagined identity, driven by an unbridled passion for speed, innovation, and pushing boundaries. Craven tantalizingly hinted at “mind-blowing activations” on the horizon, both on and off the racetrack, as Stake F1 Team charts an electrifying future.

Akhil Sarin, Chief Marketing Officer of Stake, hailed the brand’s resounding success in elevating global brand awareness within the digital landscape. He affirmed Stake’s unwavering commitment to delivering unforgettable experiences that epitomize innovation, entertainment, and global connectivity as they embark on this exhilarating journey alongside Stake F1 Team.

As the curtain rises on the 2024 Formula One season, Stake F1 Team’s entry promises to redefine the sport, fusing the adrenaline of racing with the captivating allure of Stake, creating a thrilling experience that will leave fans on the edge of their seats both on and off the track.

Spot Bitcoin ETF Approval in January 2024 Sparks Debate Over Backing and Custody Concerns

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In the midst of the mounting excitement surrounding the potential approval of a spot Bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) in January 2024, certain industry analysts have raised concerns, particularly regarding the issue of backing.

Josef Tětek, a Bitcoin analyst at the hardware crypto wallet firm Trezor, voiced his apprehensions in December 2023, suggesting that spot Bitcoin ETFs might steer individuals away from self-custody, possibly leading to the creation of “millions of unbacked Bitcoin.”

He warned of a scenario where these ETFs could result in what is often termed “paper Bitcoin.”

Tětek’s remarks stirred a significant response within the crypto community, with some dismissing his claims as FUD (fear, uncertainty, doubt), while others pondered the means to ensure that ETF issuers truly hold Bitcoin on behalf of their clients.

Some observers even advocated for the publication of “actual on-chain addresses” in addition to reports on the issuers’ BTC holdings.

David Gerard, the author of “Attack of the 50 Foot Blockchain,” countered Tětek’s concerns, asserting that it was “unlikely” for ETF administrators to create unbacked BTC equivalents or misrepresent their assets.

He emphasized the regulatory oversight and credibility of well-established financial entities, dispelling the notion that unbacked ETF shares were a realistic threat.

However, he didn’t delve into whether clients could independently verify BTC holdings by issuers.

Drawing a comparison to gold ETFs, Bloomberg ETF analyst Eric Balchunas contended that spot Bitcoin ETFs would closely resemble them.

READ MORE: US Prosecutors Hint at No Second Trial for Ex-FTX CEO Sam Bankman-Fried

He pointed out that gold ETFs, having been in existence for two decades, diligently disclose the quantity of gold held by the custodian.

Balchunas emphasized the meticulousness of asset managers, stating they neither desired legal trouble nor wanted the negative publicity that would accompany any failure to hold Bitcoin or any shorting of it.

He also noted that companies like BlackRock and Grayscale were exposed to Bitcoin’s volatility.

The key distinction with spot Bitcoin ETFs, as currently conceived, is that investors would receive cash instead of Bitcoin upon redemption.

Balchunas advised individuals seeking direct ownership of Bitcoin to do so through self-custody, which aligns with the original vision of Bitcoin’s anonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto.

He underscored that the vast collective assets in mutual funds and ETFs, amounting to approximately $30 trillion, meant that most investors preferred to avoid direct interaction with the underlying assets.

While many industry observers expressed confidence in the integrity of ETF providers in the cash-create model, others remained convinced that there was a fundamental issue.

According to Tětek, the only way to eliminate concerns of “paper Bitcoin” would be if ETF shares were redeemable for actual Bitcoin.

However, given that the proposed ETFs only allowed for cash in and cash out, investors would have to place trust without the ability to independently verify holdings.

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2024 Review: Why is Revolut Bad?

Revolut is a popular fintech company in the UK, but it has a number of cons and bad attributes.

Revolut, founded in 2015, has rapidly risen to prominence as a disruptor in the banking and finance industry. Offering a range of innovative financial services, from currency exchange to cryptocurrency trading, Revolut has garnered millions of users worldwide. In this comprehensive review, we’ll delve into the features, advantages, and drawbacks of the Revolut platform, and explore why it has both captivated and disappointed customers.

The Advantages of Revolut

Revolut’s popularity can be attributed to several compelling advantages:

1.1. Cost-Effective Currency Exchange
One of Revolut’s standout features is its competitive currency exchange rates, making it an attractive choice for international travelers and those conducting cross-border transactions. The platform allows users to exchange currencies at the interbank exchange rate, saving them from hefty fees imposed by traditional banks.

1.2. Multi-Currency Wallet
Revolut offers a multi-currency wallet, which allows users to hold, convert, and spend money in various currencies without the need for multiple bank accounts. This feature simplifies international financial management and reduces the risk of exchange rate fluctuations.

1.3. Cryptocurrency Trading
Revolut’s foray into the world of cryptocurrencies is a notable advantage. Users can buy, sell, and hold popular cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin directly within the app. This accessibility has made cryptocurrencies more approachable to the average consumer.

1.4. High-Quality Mobile App
The intuitive and user-friendly mobile app is a testament to Revolut’s commitment to a seamless customer experience. Users can easily manage their accounts, set up budgeting tools, and make transactions with just a few taps.

1.5. Premium Features
Revolut offers premium subscription tiers with added benefits such as enhanced travel insurance, priority customer support, and access to exclusive card designs. These premium features cater to users seeking more comprehensive financial services.

Why is Revolut Bad?


While Revolut has undoubtedly gained a strong following, it is not without its fair share of criticisms and drawbacks:

2.1. Limited Customer Support
One of the most significant grievances users have with Revolut is its customer support. Many have reported difficulty in reaching a real person for assistance when encountering problems with their accounts. This lack of responsive customer support can be frustrating, especially in urgent situations.

2.2. Account Locking and Frozen Funds
Some users have reported their accounts being temporarily locked or their funds frozen for various reasons, such as security checks or suspected fraudulent activities. While these measures are intended to protect users, the lack of transparency and lengthy resolution times can be distressing.

2.3. Limited Financial Products
Revolut primarily focuses on banking and currency exchange, but it lacks a comprehensive range of financial products compared to traditional banks. This may limit the options available to users looking for services like mortgages, loans, or investment products.

2.4. Currency Conversion Fees for Free Users
While Revolut offers competitive currency exchange rates to its premium users, free users may still incur currency conversion fees on weekends or for certain currencies. This can lead to unexpected costs for those who opt for the basic, non-premium account.

2.5. Cryptocurrency Limitations
Although Revolut allows cryptocurrency trading, users do not have the option to withdraw their crypto holdings to external wallets. This limitation contradicts the ethos of cryptocurrency, which emphasizes ownership and control of digital assets.

The Future of Revolut


Despite its shortcomings, Revolut remains a prominent player in the fintech industry. Its rapid growth and innovative approach have forced traditional banks to reevaluate their services and fees. Revolut’s potential for future improvement lies in addressing its existing issues, such as enhancing customer support and expanding its financial product offerings.

Revolut has already taken steps in the right direction by obtaining a banking license in some regions, which will allow it to provide a broader range of services and better regulatory protection to its users. Additionally, the company is continually updating its app with new features and improvements, indicating its commitment to growth and evolution.

As the financial technology sector continues to evolve, Revolut’s ability to adapt and provide solutions to the evolving needs of its user base will determine its long-term success. If the company can strike a balance between innovation and customer support, it may very well become a significant force in the future of banking.

Summary

Revolut has made substantial waves in the financial industry by offering innovative and cost-effective solutions to a global audience. Its advantages, such as competitive currency exchange rates and cryptocurrency trading, have endeared it to millions of users worldwide. However, it is essential to acknowledge the platform’s shortcomings, including limited customer support, account locking issues, and certain fees for free users.

The future of Revolut holds promise, with the company actively addressing its flaws and expanding its services. As it continues to evolve and adapt to the ever-changing landscape of fintech, Revolut has the potential to redefine the way people manage their finances.

Ultimately, whether Revolut is a suitable choice for you depends on your specific financial needs and priorities. While it offers many advantages, it is crucial to consider its drawbacks and limitations carefully. As with any financial institution, conducting thorough research and due diligence before committing to Revolut is advisable to ensure it aligns with your individual financial goals and preferences.

Teachers Strike Dates: When Are the Next Strikes?

In this article, we outline the teachers strike dates in the UK and reveal when are the next strikes scheduled to be held.

Members of the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers (NASUWT) have embarked on a work-to-rule action in schools across England, as part of an ongoing dispute with the government regarding pay, excessive workloads, and working hours.

This move comes after the four major teaching unions, including the National Education Union (NEU), the Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL), the National Association of Head Teachers (NAHT), and NASUWT, had initially accepted a government offer of a 6.5% pay increase back in July. Although the other unions agreed to the deal, NASUWT decided to persist in its efforts for improved pay and working conditions.

The NASUWT, a significant player in the educational landscape, had already garnered support for strike action and other work-related protests before the acceptance of the government’s pay offer. In their latest move, the union has called on its members to follow strict working hours and adhere to a work-to-rule approach, effectively limiting their work time and avoiding any additional tasks beyond their contractual obligations. This directive, set to begin on September 18th, could potentially affect staff at approximately 10,000 schools across England.

It’s worth noting that members of NASUWT working in sixth-form colleges have reached an agreement on pay, while teachers in Northern Ireland have also been involved in a work-to-rule action since October 2022. However, the pay dispute has been resolved in Scotland, and the NAHT members in Wales have also settled their grievances.

Parents may wonder about the implications for their children’s education in the event of such actions. The government has stated that schools should remain open whenever possible during teacher strikes. However, teachers are not obligated to declare their intention to strike in advance, and there are no specific regulations regarding when parents should be notified of potential school closures. The decision to close schools ultimately rests with individual headteachers, and some parents may only learn about a closure on the morning of the industrial action once staff availability is determined. Currently, there are no minimum staffing requirements for schools, and headteachers can employ agency staff or volunteers who may not follow the regular curriculum.

Education Secretary Gillian Keegan has initiated discussions with unions about introducing voluntary minimum staffing levels on strike days. Additionally, parents in England have the option to request leave for caring for family members or dependents, including emergency childcare. While employers are expected not to unreasonably refuse such requests, employees may not receive compensation during this time. Alternatively, individuals may consider using holiday or unpaid parental leave. Schools have been urged to prioritize vulnerable students and children of key workers and to minimize disruptions to exams and formal assessments. The NEU has provided guidance to help headteachers ensure a minimum level of teaching staff for students with upcoming exams.

The primary concern of teachers in England has been securing an above-inflation pay increase while preventing budget cuts from impacting education. Although most state school teachers received a 5% pay raise for the 2022-23 academic year, the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) reported that teacher salaries in England had fallen by an average of 11% between 2010 and 2022 when accounting for inflation. Unions argue that pay has decreased even more, by up to 23%, during that period. The government initially offered a one-off payment of £1,000 and a 4.3% pay increase for most teachers in 2023-24, with starting salaries reaching £30,000. However, all four major unions rejected this proposal, prompting the government to remove the £1,000 payment.

Subsequently, an independent pay review body recommended a 6.5% pay increase for the following year, leading to a joint statement in July indicating that this offer could avert strike action. The government has also committed to providing a hardship fund of up to £40 million to support schools facing severe financial challenges.

In Northern Ireland, teachers have not reached a pay deal since 2021. Following the rejection of an offer of approximately 3.2% over two years, unions demanded a 6% pay increase for 2021-22 and inflation plus 2% for 2022-23. Several unions, including the NAHT, NASUWT, Irish National Teachers’ Organisation, Ulster Teachers’ Union, and NEU, have engaged in strike action, including a half-day strike and additional industrial action days following Christmas. For the first time in its 125-year history, NAHT members took strike action over pay. Furthermore, teachers in Northern Ireland have also participated in work-to-rule actions, such as refusing to provide lunchtime supervision and declining meetings held outside working hours. Some non-teaching school staff in Northern Ireland have staged a 24-hour strike as well.

In Wales, NEU teachers accepted an increased pay offer of 8% for 2022-23, including a 6.5% annual pay increase and a 1.5% one-off payment, along with a 5% annual pay increase for 2023-24. However, the NAHT in Wales initially rejected this offer, citing concerns about funding arrangements. They subsequently initiated work-to-rule actions, which concluded after NAHT members accepted a new workload agreement, an improved pay offer, and additional funding in November.

The pay dispute in Scotland was resolved with unions accepting a 7% pay increase for 2022-23, retroactive to April, and agreeing to a 5% pay increase in April 2023, followed by a 2% increase in January 2024.

In terms of salaries, classroom teachers in England earned an average of £38,982 during the 2021-22 school year, while their counterparts in Wales and Scotland earned £39,009 and £40,026, respectively. However, no specific figure was provided for Northern Ireland. The average salary for head teachers in England was £74,095 during the same period, while other senior leaders earned an average of £57,117.

Bitcoin ETF Race Heats Up as Top Contenders Submit Final Applications

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On December 29, the contenders in the race for a Bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) spot waited until the eleventh hour to submit their final S-1 form applications.

Throughout the day, these applications trickled into the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), following earlier submissions by BlackRock, Van Eck, and Valkyrie.

Notable names in the crypto industry, including Invesco Galaxy, Bitwise, WisdomTree, and Fidelity, joined the fray.

In the latest filings, Fidelity, WisdomTree, and Invesco Galaxy revealed their authorized participants. Invesco Galaxy chose Virtu and JPMorgan, while WisdomTree and Fidelity opted for Jane Street Capital.

Interestingly, WisdomTree decided to stick with in-kind share creation and redemption, despite the SEC’s encouragement to switch to cash-based mechanisms.

Furthermore, it seems a price war has ignited among competitors. Invesco Galaxy, for instance, announced a waiver of fees for the first six months and the first $5 billion in assets.

Fidelity, on the other hand, set its fee at 0.39%.

Bitwise, though yet to disclose its authorized participants, mentioned in its S-1 filing that an undisclosed entity expressed interest in purchasing up to $200 million worth of the ETF shares.

READ MORE: Bitcoin Miners Surge: Marathon Digital Tops Trading Charts Ahead of Anticipated ETF Approval

It’s worth noting that several major players in the industry have thrown their hats into the ring.

BlackRock, Van Eck, Grayscale, Bitwise, WisdomTree, Invesco Galaxy, Fidelity, ARK Invest, Valkyrie, Franklin, Hashdex, Global X ETFs, and Pando Asset have all submitted S-1 applications for spot Bitcoin ETFs.

The SEC had set December 29 as the deadline for amendments to spot BTC ETF S-1 filings.

Grayscale made a last-minute submission on December 27 with a new S-3 filing, following the resignation of Barry Silbert from the board of directors.

In this filing, Grayscale announced its intention to convert its Grayscale Bitcoin Trust into a cash-only spot ETF, mirroring similar moves by Van Eck and BlackRock in earlier revisions.

Barry Silbert and his company, the Digital Currency Group, are currently under investigation by the SEC, adding another layer of complexity to the evolving landscape of Bitcoin ETF applications.

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Vitalik Buterin Unveils Ethereum’s 2024 Roadmap with Emphasis on Consistency and Evolution

Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin recently unveiled the Ethereum roadmap for 2024, revealing that the upcoming year would bring only minor alterations compared to the previous one.

In a series of informative posts shared on X (formerly Twitter), Buterin outlined the primary focal points for Ethereum in 2024, with the roadmap centered around six key components.

Furthermore, Buterin provided in-depth insights into these six elements—namely, the merge, the surge, the scourge, the verge, the purge, and the splurge—accompanied by a detailed chart featuring annotations and diagrams.

Despite the passage of time, Buterin pointed out that there were only minimal adjustments compared to the 2023 roadmap, emphasizing Ethereum’s evolving and crystallizing technical direction: “As Ethereum’s technical path forward continues to solidify, there are relatively few changes.”

Of paramount importance in this roadmap is “The Merge,” which seeks to maintain a straightforward and robust proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus.

The Merge event took place in September 2022, marking the integration of the Ethereum mainnet with the proof-of-stake blockchain known as the Beacon Chain.

READ MORE: Chinese Authorities Escalate Crackdown on Cryptocurrency

This momentous transition led to a substantial reduction in Ethereum’s overall energy consumption as it shifted away from the energy-intensive proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism.

In a press release, Buterin also highlighted the progress made in Ethereum’s single slot finality (SSF), an integral aspect of the post-Merge PoS improvement.

SSF plays a pivotal role in ensuring that alterations to a blockchain block become irreversible without the burning of at least 33% of the total staked ETH.

He stated, “The role of single slot finality (SSF) in post-Merge PoS improvement is solidifying.

It’s becoming clear that SSF is the easiest path to resolving a lot of the Ethereum PoS design’s current weaknesses.”

In addition to the technical aspects, Buterin’s recent endeavors have included a desire to revive the original ideals of the “cypherpunk” revolution within the blockchain space.

The term “cypherpunk” refers to individuals who employ encryption to safeguard their privacy when accessing computer networks, particularly in the face of government surveillance.

Buterin elucidated in a blog post that Ethereum’s initial vision revolved around being a “public decentralized shared hard drive,” capable of harnessing peer-to-peer messaging and decentralized file storage.

However, this vision waned in 2017 with the shift towards financialization on the Ethereum platform.

Nevertheless, Buterin acknowledged that concepts like rollups, zero-knowledge proofs, account abstraction, and second-generation privacy solutions have gained prominence and have the potential to align with the values associated with cypherpunk principles.

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JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon Under Scrutiny Over Bitcoin ETF

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JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon has found himself under scrutiny from the crypto community following his appointment as an authorized participant (AP) by BlackRock, a move revealed in BlackRock’s updated Form S-1 filing released on December 29.

In the world of exchange-traded funds (ETFs), an authorized participant is an organization granted the privilege to create and redeem shares of the ETF.

BlackRock, in its filing, formally designated Jane Street and JPMorgan Securities as “authorized participants” in its proposed spot Bitcoin ETF application.

Interestingly, this development comes despite Dimon’s public stance against Bitcoin.

Dimon had made his stance clear during a December 6 hearing of the United States Senate Banking Committee.

At that time, he asserted that if he held governmental authority, he would make efforts to shut down cryptocurrencies.

Dimon argued that Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies primarily serve as tools to facilitate criminal activities. This statement drew sharp criticism from the crypto community.

Critics were quick to point out the apparent hypocrisy of JPMorgan’s involvement as an authorized participant in BlackRock’s Bitcoin ETF.

Silver Zimmermann, a crypto enthusiast, sarcastically suggested, “Perhaps money laundering, tax evasion, criminal participation, and drug trafficking are their business as well.”

Others, like user Sunny Po, questioned JPMorgan’s contradictory positions, asking, “How can JP Morgan do all that after telling Congress and Elizabeth Warren that this is what it’s used for?”

READ MORE: Argentina’s New Government Takes Steps to Legalize Cryptocurrency Holdings

Notably, John Deaton, a pro-XRP lawyer, expressed skepticism regarding Senator Elizabeth Warren’s stance on Bitcoin and raised concerns about JPMorgan’s willingness to associate with Bitcoin despite its negative characterization as a tool for criminals.

Deaton questioned whether this was an attempt to mislead the public or engage in gaslighting.

Despite Dimon’s publicly stated opposition to the digital asset sector, JPMorgan made surprising moves in the crypto space.

The bank recently introduced JPM Coin, its own cryptocurrency token, operating on a private version of the Ethereum blockchain, catering to its institutional clients.

Furthermore, JPMorgan launched a blockchain-based tokenization platform in October, with BlackRock counted among its clients.

The bank also participated in a $65 million funding round for Ethereum infrastructure firm Consensys in April 2021.

In summary, JPMorgan’s involvement as an authorized participant in BlackRock’s Bitcoin ETF has ignited controversy within the crypto community, given Jamie Dimon’s previous negative statements about cryptocurrency.

This development has raised questions about the bank’s stance on Bitcoin and its motivations for engaging in the crypto space.

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